History Of Programming Language ?

From punch cards to its current languages ​​for the web, the evolution of the world of programming.

There are more than 2,000 different programming languages in existence, although most programs are written in one of several popular languages, like BASIC, COBOL, C++, or Java. 

Programming languages have different strengths and weaknesses. Depending on the kind of program being written, the computer will run on, the experience of the programmer, and the way, in which the program will be used, the suitability of one programming language over another will vary.

When people refer to programming languages, they normally mean one of many different kinds of high-level languages or fourth-generation languages that reside above the level of assembly language. Unlike machine and assembly languages, high-level languages resemble human grammar and syntax more closely, and are often portable to different operating systems and machines.

Three programming languages were instrumental in opening the lines of communication between programmers and computers. FORTRAN, COBOL, and ALGOL were created around the 1950s and many variations of these languages were still in use during the early 2000s.

Programming languages can be classified as low-level and high-level languages. Low-level programming languages include machine language and assembly language. 

Machine language, which is referred to as a first generation programming language, can be used to communicate directly with the computer. However, it is difficult to program in machine language because the language consists of 0s and 1s to represent the status of a switch (0 for off and 1 for on).

Assembly language uses the same instructions and structure as machine language but the programmer is able to use meaningful names or abbreviations instead of numbers. Assembly language is referred to as a second generation programming language.

High-level programming languages are often referred to as third generation programming languages (3GL), were first developed in the late 1950s. High-level programming languages have English-like instructions and are easier to use than machine language. High-level programming languages include FORTRAN, C, BASIC, COBOL, and Pascal.

In order for the computer to understand a program written in a high-level language, programmers convert the source code into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter.

A Compiler is a program that converts an entire program into machine code before the program is executed. 

An Interpreter translates and executes an instruction before moving on to the next instruction in the program. Thus once a program is written in a high-level language, a program called a compiler or an interpreter is used to convert it to a computer's specific machine language, much like an assembler converts assembly code into machine language. 

A compiler translates an entire program into machine language. Once translated, a program can execute by itself. An interpreter reads your program source code and performs the operations specified without actually translating the code into machine language. The interpreter program executes the program you create, so your program always requires the interpreter.

In the 1980s, Object-oriented programming (OOP) evolved out of the need to better develop complex programs in a systematic, organized approach. The OOP approach allows programmers to create modules that can be used over and over again in a variety of programs. These modules contain code called classes, which group related data and actions. Properly designed classes encapsulate data to hide the implementation details, are versatile enough to be extended through inheritance, and give the programmer options through polymorphism. Object-oriented languages include Java, C++ and Visual Basic.

Fourth generation languages (4GL), such as SQL, have higher English-like instructions than most high-level languages and are typically used to access databases.

Each of the programming language generations aims to provide a higher level of abstraction of the internal computer hardware details, making the language more programmer-friendly, powerful and versatile. While the definition of 4GL has changed over time, it can be typified by operating more with large collections of information at once rather than focusing on just bits and bytes. Languages claimed to be 4GL may include support for database management, report generation, mathematical optimization, GUI development, or web development. Fourth-generation languages have often been compared to domain-specific languages (DSLs). Some researchers state that 4GLs are a subset of DSLs.

Fifth generation languages are used for artificial intelligence.

An easy and powerful 5th generation language: W-Language. The integrated WINDEV language, W-Language, is powerful, simple and intuitive. It's a 5th generation language (5GL), which means that its commands are highly sophisticated, and replace dozens or hundreds of 4GL commands, simplifying programming. No more unnecessary complexity, no more incomprehensible APIs, no more out of bound pointers, no more useless programming!

Programming Language Developed

What is Programming Language ?

Programming: To Program any kind of electronic device such as computer or robot or vehicle. But we know all electronic devices uses binay digit(1 or 0) code i.e. on or off. But it become very difficult to learn 10101000101000 so we come up with a language called programming language.

Language: The language by which a computer or any electronic device communicate with humans with their own rules, or syntax, for writing the instructions.

Programming Language: is a Coded language used by programmers to write instructions that a computer can understand to do what the programmer (or the computer user) wants. The most basic computer language is the machine language that uses binary digits('1' and '0') code which a computer can run (execute) very fast without using any translator or interpreter program, but is tedious and complex. For eg:101011101100

So to reduce the complexity many programming languages comes out today. The Basic of all programming language is C Programming Language.This is a high-level languages which is much simpler (more 'English-like') to use but need to use another program (a compiler or an interpreter) to convert the high-level code into the machine code, and are therefore slower. 

Types Of Programming Languages

Programming languages can be classified as low-level and high-level languages. Low-level programming languages include machine language and assembly language. 

Machine language, which is referred to as a first generation programming language, can be used to communicate directly with the computer. However, it is difficult to program in machine language because the language consists of 0s and 1s to represent the status of a switch (0 for off and 1 for on).

The machine language is the internal language of the computer system. It is a difficult programming language to handle by any humans. It is usually made up of a binary string of 0s and 1s that is understood by the machine to follow any instructions. Infact, we can say that the machine can only recognize these 0s and 1s and nothing else. So, it is a language of the lowest degree made for machines only. Programmes therefore prefers to use either a high-level programming language or an assembly language to deliver various instructions by translating it to machine understandable codes known as machine codes.

Assembly Language: Assembly language is a second generation programming language used in the computer systems. In assembly language, a programmer uses symbolic instructions instead of machine language instructions and descriptive names for data items and memory location. An assembly language program is written according to strict rules and then translated by an assembler into machine code. It is machine dependant language hence it is not portable. It has very less restrictions and also features high interaction between the operating system and the hardware thus enabling to write easy hardware dependant programs. The various symbolic notations used in the assembly language is called mnemonics.

High-level programming languages are often referred to as third generation programming languages (3GL), were first developed in the late 1950s. High-level programming languages have English-like instructions and are easier to use than machine language. High-level programming languages include FORTRAN, C, BASIC, COBOL, and Pascal.

In order for the computer to understand a program written in a high-level language, programmers convert the source code into machine language using a compiler or an interpreter.

Fourth generation languages (4GL), such as SQL, have higher English-like instructions than most high-level languages and are typically used to access databases.

Each of the programming language generations aims to provide a higher level of abstraction of the internal computer hardware details, making the language more programmer-friendly, powerful and versatile. While the definition of 4GL has changed over time, it can be typified by operating more with large collections of information at once rather than focusing on just bits and bytes. Languages claimed to be 4GL may include support for database management, report generation, mathematical optimization, GUI development, or web development. Fourth-generation languages have often been compared to domain-specific languages (DSLs). Some researchers state that 4GLs are a subset of DSLs.

Fifth generation languages are used for artificial intelligence.

An easy and powerful 5th generation language: W-Language. The integrated WINDEV language, W-Language, is powerful, simple and intuitive. It's a 5th generation language (5GL), which means that its commands are highly sophisticated, and replace dozens or hundreds of 4GL commands, simplifying programming. No more unnecessary complexity, no more incomprehensible APIs, no more out of bound pointers, no more useless programming!

Todays Most Important Programming Languages:

Importance Of Programming Language

1. Nothing is possible without programming in current generation. From the fan to your mobile, everything is built-in programmed.
2. Without Programming Language we could have to Program computers using their native codes i.e. 1's and 0's. Which is bit difficult.
3. Programming Language make program faster and easier. It provides machine human interface.
4. Programming teaches you how to solve problems.
5. Programming helps you be more precise (doesn’t win you many friends though!).
6. Programming gets you more out of your computer.
7. You may not be programming, but knowing a little bit about Programming will help you work with people who do.
8. Programming gives you complete control over an innocent, vulnerable machine, which will do your evil bidding with a loyalty not even your pet dog can rival.